Neural correlates of probabilistic category learning in patients with schizophrenia.

نویسندگان

  • Thomas W Weickert
  • Terry E Goldberg
  • Joseph H Callicott
  • Qiang Chen
  • Jose A Apud
  • Sumitra Das
  • Brad J Zoltick
  • Michael F Egan
  • Martijn Meeter
  • Catherine Myers
  • Mark A Gluck
  • Daniel R Weinberger
  • Venkata S Mattay
چکیده

Functional neuroimaging studies of probabilistic category learning in healthy adults report activation of cortical-striatal circuitry. Based on previous findings of normal learning rate concurrent with an overall performance deficit in patients with schizophrenia, we hypothesized that relative to healthy adults, patients with schizophrenia would display preserved caudate nucleus and abnormal prefrontal cortex activation during probabilistic category learning. Forty patients with schizophrenia receiving antipsychotic medication and 25 healthy participants were assessed on interleaved blocks of probabilistic category learning and control tasks while undergoing blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging. In addition to the whole sample of patients with schizophrenia and healthy adults, a subset of patients and healthy adults matched for good learning was also compared. In the whole sample analysis, patients with schizophrenia displayed impaired performance in conjunction with normal learning rate relative to healthy adults. The matched comparison of patients and healthy adults classified as good learners revealed greater caudate and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity in the healthy adults and greater activation in a more rostral region of the dorsolateral prefrontal, cingulate, parahippocampal and parietal cortex in patients. These results demonstrate that successful probabilistic category learning can occur in the absence of normal frontal-striatal function. Based on analyses of the patients and healthy adults matched on learning and performance, a minority of patients with schizophrenia achieve successful probabilistic category learning and performance levels through differential activation of a circumscribed neural network which suggests a compensatory mechanism in patients showing successful learning.

برای دانلود رایگان متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Probabilistic association learning in schizophrenia

Probabilistic association learning is a form of non-declarative learning that involves the gradual acquisition of cue-outcome associations based on feedback and is dependent on frontal-striatal activity in healthy adults. Prefrontal cortex dysfunction has been established in schizophrenia; however, striatal dysfunction is often ignored or attributed to antipsychotic effects. Probabilistic assoc...

متن کامل

Novel Radial Basis Function Neural Networks based on Probabilistic Evolutionary and Gaussian Mixture Model for Satellites Optimum Selection

In this study, two novel learning algorithms have been applied on Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) to approximate the functions with high non-linear order. The Probabilistic Evolutionary (PE) and Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) techniques are proposed to significantly minimize the error functions. The main idea is concerning the various strategies to optimize the procedure of Gradient ...

متن کامل

Peripheral BDNF: a candidate biomarker of healthy neural activity during learning is disrupted in schizophrenia

BACKGROUND Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important regulator of synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity underlying learning. However, a relationship between circulating BDNF levels and brain activity during learning has not been demonstrated in humans. Reduced brain BDNF levels are found in schizophrenia and functional neuroimaging studies of probabilistic association learning i...

متن کامل

Probabilistic reversal learning impairments in schizophrenia: further evidence of orbitofrontal dysfunction.

Impairments in feedback processing and reinforcement learning appear to be prominent aspects of schizophrenia (SZ), which may relate to symptoms of the disorder. Evidence from cognitive neuroscience investigations indicates that disparate brain systems may underlie different kinds of feedback-driven learning. The ability to rapidly shift response tendencies in the face of negative feedback, whe...

متن کامل

Detection of schizophrenia patients using convolutional neural networks from brain effective connectivity maps of electroencephalogram signals

Background: Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that severely affects the perception and relations of individuals. Nowadays, this disease is diagnosed by psychiatrists based on psychiatric tests, which is highly dependent on their experience and knowledge. This study aimed to design a fully automated framework for the diagnosis of schizophrenia from electroencephalogram signals using advanced de...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

دوره 29 4  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2009